 |
|
Constructed
Wetlands for Waste Water Treatment
|
|
Foreword
Disposal of untreated
urban wastewater has been a major cause of water pollution India.
Strategies for control of water pollution caused by municipal wastewater
have focused mainly on Implementation of expensive and energy intensive
conventional treatment technologies. The limited successes of such
strategies can be attributed to the high capital Investment requirement,
continual replacement and on-going operation costs of these 'concrete
and steel' facilities, which often goes beyond the financial grasp
of most of our towns and cities. The criticality of cost-effectlve,
appropriate wastewater treatment technologies for water pollution
control In our country, hence, needs no emphasis. .
In recent years, constructed wetlands systems have emerged as a low-cost
high- performing wastewater treatment technology in many European
and American countries. There is a growing Interest to develop and
adopt this technology for water pollution control in India as well.
This publication provides a detailed overview of the concepts, pollutant
removal mechanisms, engineering design, construction, operation and
maintenance of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment.
|
|
We hope this publIcation will bring broader understanding of the concepts
of constructed wetlands for urban wastewater treatment, thereby, promoting
wider application of1he technology.
|
Dilip Biswas
Chairman, CPCB |
|
