In many instances of Groundwater monitoring, the ability to predict how the contaminant plume will behave in future can be done by using Mathematical Modeling Techniques to estimate the spread of a contaminant and its strength at any point in the plume. A model is a device that represents an approximation of a field situation and provide a frame work for synthesizing field information and for testing of ideas about how the system works. The steps to build the model are shown in the structure below.

The concept of Groundwater modeling is broadly based on following factors:

· Advection of the constituent with the water flowing through the aquifer
· Dispersion of the constituents
· Sources of pollution
· Characteristics of recipient medium