COMMON FORMS OF FUEL ADULTERATION & POTENTIAL ADULTERANTS
3.0 COMMON FORMS OF FUEL ADULTERATION & POTENTIAL ADULTERANTS
Blending or mixing of adulterants into the base transport fuels exists in various forms and both the type and quantity of adulterants vary from place to place. Moreover, profitability, availability and blendability are the prominent factors governing the choice of adulterants. Specific types of adulteration may be broadly classified as follows:
» Blending relatively small amount of distillate fuels like diesel or kerosene into automotive gasoline.
» Blending variable amount (as much as 30%) of the gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons such as industrial solvents into automotive gasoline.
» Blending small amounts of spent waste industrial solvent such as used lubricants, which would be costly to dispose of in an environmentally approved manner-into gasoline and diesel.
» Blending kerosene into diesel, often as much as 20-30 percent.
» Blending small amount of heavier fuel oils into diesel.
There are several petroleum products in our country or abroad, which are close substitutes of petrol (Motor Spirit or MS) and high-speed diesel (HSD), and are available at considerably lower prices. The consequence is that these products are widely used as adulterants. Some of the possible adulterants available in Indian markets are listed in Table-1 & 2
|
SL. |
Solvent/Chemical |
Source |
Basic Cost (Rs.) KL/MT |
Market Price(Rs.)* |
|
1 |
Naphtha |
Refineries |
14950 |
NA |
|
2 |
SBP |
BPCL |
13500+32% Exise+ST |
20/lt |
|
3 |
GAIL Solvents |
Bijalpur |
12000+32% Exise+ST |
17-19/lt |
|
4 |
GAIL Solvents |
Pata |
12000+32% Exise+ST |
16-18/lt |
|
5 |
Pentane |
GAIL |
10000+16% Exise+ST |
14-16/lt |
|
6 |
Cixon |
IPCL |
12000 |
NA |
|
7 |
Solvent-90 |
IOC |
26400 |
30-32/lt |
|
8 |
Hexane |
Refineries |
13500+32% Exise+ST |
20-24/lt |
|
9 |
Resol |
Reliance |
11000 |
NA |
|
10 |
Raffinate/Slop |
Refineries |
NA |
NA |
|
11 |
C6-C9 Raffinate |
Petrochemicals |
NA |
NA |
|
12 |
Naphtha/NGL |
GAIL/ONGC |
13760 |
NA |
|
13 |
PDS Kerosene |
Govt. |
5000 |
7000/KL |
|
14 |
Free Kerosene |
Parallel Marketers |
14500 |
NA |
|
15 |
MTO |
Refineries |
16588 |
20-21/lt |
|
16 |
Pyrolysis Gasoline |
Naptha Crack |
NA |
NA |
|
17 |
Oxygenates |
Refineries |
15000 |
NA |
|
18 |
Food grd. Hexane |
Refineries |
NA |
NA |
|
19 |
Benzene |
Koyali |
25937.6+32% Exise+ST |
27-29/lt |
|
20 |
Toluene |
Koyali |
27376.6 |
28-30/lt |
Source: Report of MoPNG Task Force to examine the use of solvent,
raffinate and slop in automobile fuel.
|
SL. |
Solvent/Chemical |
Source |
Basic Cost (Rs.) |
Market Price |
|
1 |
Aromex |
Digboi |
15254+ Excise+ST |
22/lt |
|
2 |
Iomex |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
3 |
C9 Raffinate |
Ptrochmcls |
10000 |
NA |
|
4 |
MTO |
Refineries |
12560 |
20-21/lt |
|
5 |
PDS Kerosene |
Govt. |
5000 |
7000/KL |
|
6 |
Free Kerosene |
Parallel Marketers |
14500 |
NA |
Source: Report of MoPNG Task Force to examine the use of solvent, raffinate and slop in automobile fuel.
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