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7.0 PROPOSED UP-GRADATION & ROAD MAP FOR I&M IN INDIA
The present PUC system falls short of achieving the goal of emission reduction
from on-road vehicles and besides having technical limitations, it also has
the associated disadvantage of false passes and compliance. Taking all these
limitations into account and realizing the need for improvement in the system,
the Auto Fuel Policy in India has recommended the followings:
«» The existing PUC system needs to be replaced/upgraded
to a more reliable computerized system, which will ensure better compliance,
help identify polluting vehicles and collect database on emission performance
of on-road vehicles.
«» The computerized emission checking system proposed by
the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) should be adopted in India.
«» Reduction and restructuring of frequency of tests
for private and commercial vehicles (based on vehicle age) for better compliance
and cost reduction.
«» Linking annual vehicle insurance with the inspection
and certification.
«» Encourage replacement of old polluting vehicles.
«» Further research and development of a more realistic test
method in line with the ARAI proposed method.
Therefore, the Committee also stressed that it is imperative to develop a
short test for making the I&M programme more effective. The road map of
the auto fuel policy is tabulated in Table-4, 5 &6.
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Road Map for Reducing Pollution from In-use Vehicles |
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For the Entire Country |
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New PUC System for all Categories of Vehicles -To be in place by 1 April, 2005 Inspection & Maintenance (I&M) System for all vehicles -To be in place by 1 April, 2010 Performance Checking System of catalytic converters and conversion kits installed in vehicles -To be in place by 1 April, 2007 Augmentation of City Transport System -Finalization of plans by State Governments -Not later than 1 April, 2005 |
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Road Map for Reducing Pollution from In-use Vehicles |
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For the NCT,
Delhi
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| New PUC System
for all Categories of Vehicles -To be in place by 1 October, 2003 Inspection & Maintenance (I&M) System for all vehicles -To be in place by 1 April, 2005 Performance Checking System of catalytic converters and conversion kits installed in vehicles -To be put in place by 1 October, 2004 Augmentation of City Transport System Emission Norms for City Public Service Vehicles Emission Norms for all Inter-State Buses from/to Delhi -All Inter-State Buses originating or culminating in Delhi should conform to the following norms:-Minimum Bharat Stage-I - Not later than 1 April, 2004 -Minimum Bharat Stage-II – Not later than 1 April, 2008 Emission Norms for Inter-State Trucks loading/unloading
goods from/to Delhi |
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Road Map for Reducing Pollution from In-use Vehicles |
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For the cities of Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahemadabad, Pune, Surat, Kanpur & Agra |
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New PUC System for
all Categories of Vehicles Inspection & Maintenance
(I&M) System for all vehicles -To be put in place by 1 April, 2005 Augmentation of City
Transport System Registered before 1 April, 1996-Minimum 1996 norms -From 1 April, 2006 Registered after introductionOf Bharat Stage-II norms - Applicable norms on the date of registration Registered before
introduction Of Bharat Stage-II norms -Minimum Bharat Stage-I -From 1 April, 2004 Registered after 1 April, 2000 –Applicable norms on the date of registration Registered before 1 April, 2000-Minimum 1996 norms -From 1 April, 2008 Registered after I April,2000 - Applicable norms on the date of registration Registered before1 April,2000 -Minimum BharatStage-I Emission Norms for all Inter-State Buses from/to the identified cities: -From 1 April, 2004 Registered after 1 April,2000 –Minimum Bharat Stage-I Registered before 1 April, 2000-Minimum 1996 norms -From 1 April, 2008 Registered after I April,2005 -Minimum Bharat Stage-II Registered before 1 April,2005-Minimum BharatStage-I
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The Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) has proposed a computerized emission checking system to replace the existing PUC system in India. The main aim of the system is to bring accountability and reduce false passes in the process. The proposed system infact intends to reduce the human touch involved in the current PUC system and thus reduce malpractices which otherwise exist in the current system.
7.2 Testing LayoutThe testing procedure still remains based on idle tests only. The general layout of the computerized testing system is given in Figure-7.In this system the gas analyzer is connected to a computer, which has a printer and a web camera attached to it. The emission values from the gas analyzer are directly sent to the computer and simultaneously photograph of the number plate as identification of the vehicle is captured by the web camera. This emission data are to be stored in the computer and sent to the required departments on-line.
This computerized emission checking system is expected to achieve the following objectives:
«» Eliminate/minimize malpractices currently in vogue with
respect to issue of PUC certificates and minimize human intervention by computerizing
the process.
«» Improve credibility and acceptance of emission certification
process, thereby establishing discipline on periodic maintenance and certification
of in-use vehicles. This would help in keeping emissions from in-use vehicles
under control.
«» Establish a strong database of vehicles tested, which can be made use of by the government authorities for taking policy decisions.
7.3 Modal Projects by SIAM
SIAM has set up model-computerized emission checking centers in five major
cities as demonstration projects and is in the process of setting up few more
centers. The state transport departments are closely monitoring these centers
and cities like Delhi and Bangalore have shown interest in preparing a road
map for converting all the existing PUC centers to computerized one. A typical
emission test certificate from a computerized test center is shown in Figure-8.
7.4 I&M System Proposed by ARAI
The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) has also
proposed a system of Inspection & Maintenance of in-use
vehicles as given in Figure-9
The system consists of a pair of rollers attached with mechanical flywheels,
a 4-gas analyzer and a PC. The vehicle will be driven on the rollers as per
the prescribed driving pattern and raw emissions will be measured using the
4-gas analyzer and the data will be transferred to PC continuously through the
RS 232 port. There will be user friendly software developed for continuous data
acquisition from the analyzer and the mass emissions will be calculated based
on the pre-determined software algorithms, specific to the vehicle model.
The initial experiments carried out at ARAI have shown good correlation with
the emissions measured by this system and the certification mass emission test
system. However, more experiments need to be under taken to establish this correlation.
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