Central Pollution Control Board

6.1 STATUS OF AIR POLLUTION IN INDIA

Air Quality, with respect to sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) are presented below.

6.1.1 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

The locations having highest top ten values of annual mean concentration of Sulphur Dioxide are listed in Table 6.1. The annual mean concentration of Sulphur dioxide exceeded the standards in the city of Jharia and Dhanbad.

Table 6.1 Ten locations having highest concentration of Sulphur Dioxide
during 1999

* - Locations, where Annual mean concentration of SO2 exceeded the respective standard of 80 µg/m3 for industrial and 60
µg/m3 for Residential areas.

The number of locations, where either annual mean concentration (AMC) or 24-hourly concentration exceeded the standards for more than 5% of the times, are listed in Table 6.2. Percent violation with respect to 24-hourly standards is depicted in Fig. 6.1. During 1999, at four industrial and two residential locations, either AMC or 24-hourly or both the values exceeded the respective standards.

Table 6.2 : Locations where either annual mean or 24-hourly concentration of
Sulphur dioxide violated respective standards

Based on the analysis of air quality data (AMC) at all the monitoring stations and pollution level categorization, the status of SO2 levels during 1999 is presented in the Fig 6.2. The AMC of SO2 is reported high at two industrial and one residential location in the country.

Fig 6.2 Status of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) levels in terms of high, moderate and low pollution

6.1.2 Oxides of Nitrogen (as NO2)

The locations where annual standards of industrial areas, exceeded in the city of Udaipur, Pune and Kota (one sensitive). Alwar is a satellite town of Delhi with a high concentration of industries. Due to inadequate power supply, the industrial, commercial and residential activities often resort to captive power generation resulting in high emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen. Table 6.3 enlists locations having top ten highest values of annual mean concentration of Nitrogen dioxide.

* - Locations where annual mean concentration of NO2 exceeded the respective standards of 80 µg/m3 for Industrial and 60 µg/m3 for Residential areas.

Percent violations with respect to 24-hourly standards is depicted in Fig. 6.3. The number of locations where either annual mean or 24-hourly concentration exceeded the standards of NO2 for more than 5% times are listed in Table 6.4 During 1999, one sensitive and nine residential locations violated the 24-hourly standards of NO2 for more than 5% of the times.

Fig 6.3 Percent violation of 24-hourly standards (Nitrogen Dioxide)

Table 6.4 : Locations where either annual mean or 24-hourly Nitrogen Dioxide
concentration violated respective standards

Location	State	Area Class	Annual MeanConc.(µg/m3)	% ExceedenceOver 24-Hourly Standards
R.O. Dhanbad	Bihar	Residential	53.6	8
Town Hall, Delhi	Delhi	Residential	54.5	8
R.C. High School, Ahmedabad	Gujarat	Residential	50.6	18
Tripolia Bazar, Jaipur	Rajasthan	Residential	45.4	10
PHED, Gandhi Nagar, Jaipur	Rajasthan	Residential	50.7	16
Maskasath, Nagpur	Maharashtra	Residential	44.1	6
243	.	Residential	74.3	11
University Gate, Pune	Maharashtra	Residential	60.9	9
Regional Office, Udaipur	Rajasthan	Residential	98.1	51

Based on the analysis of air quality data (AMC) at all the monitoring stations and pollution level categorization, the status of NO2 during 1999 is presented in the Fig 6.4. NO2 is reported to be high at two residential and one critical locations in the country. It is observed that NO2 violation is mainly in the state of Rajasthan (Udaipur & Alwar ) and Maharashtra (Pune).

Fig 6.4 Status of Nitrogen Dioxide levels in terms of high, moderate and low pollution

S. No	Industrial			Residential
	Location	State	Annual mean conc. (µg/m3)	Location	State	Annual mean conc. (µg/m3)
	Location	State	Annual mean conc. (µg/m3)	Location	State	Annual mean conc. (µg/m3)
1.	MADA, Jharia	Bihar	80*	Regional Office, Dhanbad	Bihar	84*
2.	Near Police Station (FCI Main Hospital),Sindri	Bihar	69	Sakchi water tower, Jamshedpur	Bihar	55
3.	Cossilpore, Calcutta	West Bengal	67	Lal Bazar (Dalhousie), Calcutta	West Bengal	51
4.	Anpara Colony, Anpara	U.P.	59	Anand Rao Circle, Bangalore	Karnataka	44
5.	Renusagar Colony, Anpara	U.P.	59	University Gate, Pune	Maharashtra	44
6.	Burmamines Water tower, Jamshed pur	Bihar	47	Nasik Municipal Corpn. Building, Nasik	Maharashtra	37
7.	PCMC, Chinchwad, Pune	Maharashtra	41	M/s Chemiquip Ltd., Ambarnath	Maharashtra	35
8.	Poud phada (Kothrud), Pune	Maharashtra	40	RTO Colony Tank, Nasik	Maharashtra	34
9.	AMCO Batteries, Bangalore	Karnataka	38	Bapatnagar, chandralpur	Maharashtra	33
10.	M.I.D.C. Chandrapur	Maharashtra	34	Regional Office, Udaipur	Rajasthan	27

.	Industrial			Residential
S.No	Location	State	Annual mean conc. (µg/m3)	Location	State	Annual mean conc. (µg/m3)
1.	RIICO Pump House, Alwar	Rajasthan	79	Regional Office,Udaipur	Rajasthan	98*
2.	Gaurav Solvex, Alwar	Rajasthan	75	Regional Office, Alwar	Rajasthan	74*
3.	Renusagar Colony, Anpara	U.P.	62	University Gate, Pune	Maharashtra	61*
4.	Anpara Colony, Anpara	U.P.	62	S. Water Tower, Jameshedpur	Bihar	60
5.	Poud Phata (Kothrud), Pune	Maharashtra	56	Town Hall, Delhi	Delhi	55
6.	Burmamines Water tower, Jamshedpur	Bihar	55	R.O. Dhandbad	Bihar	54
7.	M.I.D.C, Chandrapur	Maharashtra	55	Bapat Nagar, Chandrapur	Maharashtra	53
8.	PCMC, Chinchwad, Pune	Maharashtra	52	PHED, Gandhinagar, Jaipur	Rajasthan	51
9.	M.A.D.A, Jharia	Bihar	51	RC High School, Ahmedabad	Gujarat	51
10.	ESI Disp., Nazafgarh Road, Delhi	Delhi	47	Chitale Clinic, Solapur	Maharashtra	46