Water Pollution From Mass-Bathing : Case Studies Ganga

                                                Foreword
India is a riverine country. -Rivers in India have been regarded from time immemorial as sacred water bodies, a holy dip in which purges away sins. Being obsessed by such faith, people bathe in these rivers. River Ganga -the greatest among all-houses bathing centres as Hardwar, Allahabad and Varanasi in the State of Ut tar Pradesh and Ganga Sagar confluence of the Ganga o.nd the Bay of Bengal in the State of West Bengal. Millions of people take holy dip on som'?; auspicious occasions with very little concern about whether the rivers are or would be polluted or not. The Central Board fu the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution recognized this" fact and conducted a series of investigations on changes in water quality with particular reference to bacterial hazard to the down-stream people consequent upon mass-bathing in a swiftly nowing unidirectional fresh river water at upper reaches of the Ganga on the occasions of Ardh Kumbh at Hardwar during April, 11-14, 1980 and at Allahabad during January 10-25,

1982. In continuation of the above two studies, the present study was undertaken to investigate water quality changes arising from mass-bathing in complex estuarine/coastal environments of the river Ganga to make the study complete and more meaningful. The present publication, ADSORBS/8/1983-84, brings to the fore the pollution potential assessment. of those small stretches during mass-bathing.

The Central Board acknowledges the cooperation received from the Depart- ment of Environment, Government of West Bengal and the other State organi- c sations particularly the Public Health Engineering Department, Alipur Division - and West Bengal State Water Pollution Control Board whose untiring efforts made the wheels of the mobile laboratory (BODHAN) reach the 'Sagar Islands', 7 km from the main land into the sea.

The Central Board appreciates the effort of the Scientists and Engineers, as appended in the list overleaf for making the project a success. The - India is a riverine country. -Rivers in India have been regarded from time immemorial as sacred water bodies, a holy dip in which purges away sins. Being obsessed by such faith, people bathe in these rivers. River Canga -the greatest among all-houses bathing centres as Hardwar, Allahabad and Varanasi in the State of Ut tar Pradesh and Canga Sagar confluence of the Canga o.nd the Bay of Bengal in the State of West Bengal. Millions of people take holy dip on som'3 auspicious occasions with very little concern about whether the rivers are or would be polluted or not. The Central Board fu the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution recognized this" fact and conducted a series of investigations on changes in water quality with particular reference to bacterial hazard to the down-stream people consequent upon mass-bathing in a swiftly nowing unidirectional fresh river water at upper reaches of the Canga on the occasions of Ardh Kumbh at Hardwar during April, 11-14, 1980 and at Allahabad during January 10-25, 1982. In continuation of the above two studies, the present study was undertaken to investigate water quality changes arising from mass-bathing in complex estuarine/coastal environments of the river Canga to make the study complete and more meaningful. The present publication, ADSORBS/8/1983-84, brings to the fore the pollution potential assessment. of those small stretches during mass-bathing.

Nilay Chaudhuri
Chairman, CPCB
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